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Surah Al-A'raf, Ayah 167 (7:167)

ٱلْأَعْرَاف

وَإِذْ تَأَذَّنَ رَبُّكَ لَيَبْعَثَنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ مَن يَسُومُهُمْ سُوٓءَ …

Quran 7:167 is ayah 167 of Surah Al-A'raf (“The Heights”), a Meccan surah of 206 ayahs. It is in Juz 9, on page 172 of the Madani Mushaf.

7:167
وَإِذْتَأَذَّنَرَبُّكَلَيَبْعَثَنَّعَلَيْهِمْإِلَىٰيَوْمِٱلْقِيَٰمَةِمَنيَسُومُهُمْسُوٓءَٱلْعَذَابِ ۗإِنَّرَبَّكَلَسَرِيعُٱلْعِقَابِ ۖوَإِنَّهُۥلَغَفُورٌرَّحِيمٌ١٦٧
wa-idh ta-adhana rabbuka layabʿathanna ʿalayhim ilā yawmi l-qiyāmati man yasūmuhum sūa l-ʿadhābi inna rabbaka lasarīʿu l-ʿiqābi wa-innahu laghafūrun raḥīmun

And [mention] when your Lord declared that He would surely [continue to] send upon them until the Day of Resurrection those who would afflict them with the worst torment. Indeed, your Lord is swift in penalty; but indeed, He is Forgiving and Merciful.(167)

Word by word

  1. وَإِذْwa-idhAnd when
  2. تَأَذَّنَta-adhanadeclared
  3. رَبُّكَrabbukayour Lord
  4. لَيَبْعَثَنَّlayabʿathannathat He would surely send
  5. عَلَيْهِمْʿalayhimupon them
  6. إِلَىٰilātill
  7. يَوْمِyawmi(the) Day
  8. ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِl-qiyāmati(of) the Resurrection
  9. مَنman(those) who
  10. يَسُومُهُمْyasūmuhumwould afflict them
  11. سُوٓءَsūa(with) a grievous
  12. ٱلْعَذَابِ ۗl-ʿadhābi[the] punishment
  13. إِنَّinnaIndeed
  14. رَبَّكَrabbakayour Lord
  15. لَسَرِيعُlasarīʿu(is) surely swift
  16. ٱلْعِقَابِ ۖl-ʿiqābi(in) the retribution
  17. وَإِنَّهُۥwa-innahubut indeed, He
  18. لَغَفُورٌlaghafūrun(is) surely Oft-Forgiving
  19. رَّحِيمٌraḥīmunMost Merciful

Tafsir (commentary) of 7:167

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English · EnglishTafsir Ibn Kathir (Abridged) — Hafiz Ibn Kathir

Eternal Humiliation placed on the Jews

تَأَذَّنَ

(Ta'dhdhana) means `declared', according to Mujahid, or `ordained', according to others. This part of the Ayah indicates a vow,

لَيَبْعَثَنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ

(that He will keep on sending against them) against the Jews,

إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَـمَةِ مَن يَسُومُهُمْ سُوءَ الْعَذَابِ

(till the Day of Resurrection, those who would afflict them with a humiliating torment.) on account of their disobedience, defying Allah's orders and Law and using tricks to transgress the prohibitions. It was reported that Musa required the Jews to pay the production tax for seven or thirteen years, and he was the first to do so. Also, the Jews fell under the humiliating rule of the Greek Kushdanin, Chaldeans and later on the Christians, who subjugated and disgraced them, and required them to pay the Jizyah (tribute tax). When Islam came and Muhammad was sent, they became under his power and had to pay the Jizyah, as well. Therefore, the humiliating torment mentioned here includes disgrace and paying the Jizyah, as Al-`Awfi narrated from Ibn `Abbas. In the future, the Jews will support the Dajjal (False Messiah); and the Muslims, along with `Isa, son of Mary, will kill the Jews. This will occur just before the end of this world. Allah said next,

إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَسَرِيعُ الْعِقَابِ

(Verily, your Lord is quick in retribution), with those who disobey Him and defy His Law,

وَإِنَّهُ لَغَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ

(and certainly He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.) for those who repent and go back to Him. This Ayah mentions both the mercy, as well as, the punishment, so that no despair is felt. Allah often mentions encouragement and warning together, so that hearts always have a sense of hope and fear.

Read the full Surah Al-A'raf